As the world approaches the twin turning points of the energy transition and the Fourth Industrial Revolution, rare earth elements (REEs) have evolved far beyond their place on the periodic table. They are now a strategic asset-often described as a technological "weapon" - shaping national security, industrial and technological competitiveness, and technological sovereignty.

Industry representatives have noted that, as climate change policies gain momentum worldwide, coal demand and prices are expected to decline after 2030. In response, many countries are pursuing policies over the next five years to bring their coal deposits into commercial development and fully tap their export potential, aiming to maintain stable economic returns, revenues, and profits.

Mongolia is widely recognized as a major supplier of raw materials to the global market, particularly coking coal, copper, and cashmere. In fact, it can be said that these three sectors have firmly inscribed the name "Mongolia" onto the global value chain. Among them, coal deserves special attention. We are living in a time when we have reason to be grateful for our coal resources.